جواب سوال هایت

1-سلام.پس اگه ازویرگول استفاده کنیم مینونیم ازتکرارفاعل خودداری کنیم؟
mina,goes to uni,studies her lessons

این مثال درسته.توی وب همینولطف کن توضیح بده

 جواب: بله 100 % درسته.

هر جایی  که خواسته باشی از تکرار جلوگیری کنی مشکلی نداره و درسته.

              2hi.i'd mozafafe chi hast????lotf kon soalayi ke miporsam dar ghalebe dars toye vab bezar ta behtar betonam estefade konam.tnx

به درس امروز توجه کن جوابه خودت را می گیری.

3- hi.would like be maneye mayal bodan ast??che farghi ba like dare &che zamani estefade mishe???    

بله درسته... در حالت های تقاضا و همچنین در صورتی که تمایل باشد از would like  استفاده می شه.

4-salam.visiting with my friend ,manish ene ke molaghat kardan dostan ya enke molaghat raftan ba dostan????chera with oomade???

اولی درسته                      

حالت های کوتاه افعال

از حالت های کوتاه در زبان محاوره ای استفاده می شود. با این وجود انگلیسی نوشتاری هم رفته رفته غیررسمی تر می شود و شاهد استفاده از فرم های کوتاه در زبان محاوره ای هم هستیم.

حالت های کوتاه جملات مثبت

I'm --- I am --- مثال: I'm waiting for my friend.
I'll --- I will --- مثال: I'll see you tomorrow.
I'd --- I had / I would --- مثال: I'd better leave now. OR I'd already eaten by the time he arrived.
I've --- I have --- مثال: I've worked here for many years.
 

You're --- You are --- مثال: You're joking!
You'll --- You will --- مثال: You'll be sorry!
You'd --- You had / would --- مثال: You'd left before he arrived, hadn't you? OR You'd better hurry up.
You've --- You have --- مثال: You've been to London many times.
 

He's --- He is / has --- مثال: He's on the phone now. OR He's been playing tennis since 10 this morning.
He'll --- He will --- مثال: He'll be here tomorrow.
He'd --- He had / would --- مثال: He'd prefer to meet you later in the week. OR He'd finished before the meeting began.
 

She's --- She is / has --- مثال: She's watching TV at the moment. OR She's had a lot of trouble lately.
She'll --- She will --- مثال: She'll be at the meeting.
She'd --- She had / would --- Example: She'd been working for two hours when he telephoned. OR She'd like to have a glass of wine.
 

It's --- It is / has --- مثال: It's been long time since we saw each other last. OR It's very difficult to concentrate.
It'll --- It will --- مثال: It'll be here soon.
It'd --- It would / had --- مثال: It'd be difficult to say no. OR It'd been a long time.
 

We're --- We are --- مثال: We're working hard on the Smith account this week.
We'll --- We will --- مثال: We'll begin when he arrives.
We'd --- We had / would --- مثال: We'd better hurry up if we want to catch the train. OR We'd finished the meeting before you arrived.
We've --- We have --- مثال: We've been waiting for you!
 

They're --- They are --- مثال: They're studying German this afternoon.
They'll --- They will --- مثال: They'll finish soon if they concentrate.
They'd --- They had / would --- مثال: They'd eaten their lunch when she stopped by to say hello. OR They'd rather not come to the meeting.
They've --- They have --- مثال: They've just purchased a new home.
 

There's --- There is / has --- مثال: There's a hotel in the next town. OR There's been too many telephone calls today!
There'll --- There will --- مثال: There'll be a price to pay!
There'd --- There had / would --- مثال: There'd better be a good explanation for this. OR There'd be some reason for that.
 

That's --- That is / has --- مثال: That's been on my mind lately. OR That's why I can't come.
That'll --- That will --- مثال: That'll happen sooner than you think.
That'd --- That had / would --- مثال: That'd be the reason why. OR That'd happened before my time.
 

حالت های کوتاه جملات منفی

aren't --- are not --- مثال: They aren't coming next week.
can't --- can not --- مثال: I can't understand you.
couldn't --- could not --- مثال: He couldn't get his shoes on!
didn't --- did not --- مثال: We didn't visit Rome. We went straight to Florence.
doesn't --- does not --- Example: He doesn't play golf.
don't --- do not --- مثال: They don't like cheese.
hadn't --- had not --- مثال: I hadn't thought of that!
hasn't --- has not --- مثال: She hasn't telephoned yet.
isn't --- is not --- مثال: She isn't listening to you.
mustn't --- must not --- مثال: Children mustn't play with fire.
needn't --- need not --- مثال: You needn't worry about that.
shouldn't --- should not --- مثال: You shouldn't smoke cigarettes.
wasn't --- was not --- مثال: I wasn't joking when I said that.
weren't --- were not --- مثال: They weren't invited to the party.
won't --- will not --- مثال: I won't be able to attend the conference.
wouldn't --- would not --- مثال: She wouldn't be surprised if he showed up at the party.

ترتیب قرارگیری صفت ها در جمله

هر گاه خواستید چندین صفت برای توصیف یک اسم بکاربرید به ترتیب زیر عمل کنید.

نکته: در اکثرموارد از بکارگیری بیش از سه صفت برای یک اسم جلوگیری می شود.

1. نظر یا عقیده

مثال: an interesting book, a boring lecture

2. ابعاد

مثال: a big apple, a thin wallet

3. سن

 مثال a new car, a modern building, an ancient ruin

4. شکل

مثال: a square box, an oval mask, a round ball

5. رنگ

مثال: a pink hat, a blue book, a black coat

6. خاستگاه

مثال: some Italian shoes, a Canadian town, an American car

7. جنس

مثال: a wooden box, a woolen sweater, a plastic toy

در اینجا برخی از اسم هایی را می بینید که بر اساس ترتیبی که ر لیست بالا مورد اشاره قرار گرفت توصیف شده اند. توجه داشته باشید که صفت ها توسط ویرگول از یکدیگر جدا نشده اند.

• A wonderful old Italian clock. (نظر-سن-خاستگاه)
• A big square blue box. (ابعاد - شکل - رنگ)
• A disgusting pink plastic ornament. (نظر - رنگ - جنس)
• Some slim new French trousers. (ابعاد - شکل - خاستگاه)

• book interesting - small - Spanish
• picture modern - ugly - rectangular
• opinion old - boring - American
• apple ripe - green - delicious
• suit woolen - large - black
• house beautiful - modern - small
• magazine German - slender - strange
• cap cotton - funny - green

• امیدوارم جوابت رو گرفته باشی....

ضمیر های انعکاسی

ضمیر های انعکاسی در زبان انگلیسی نسبت به زبان های دیگر کاربرد کمتری دارند. در اینجا توضیحی مختصر در مورد کاربرد ضمیرهای انعکاسی آمده است.

ضمیر های انعکاسی در زبان انگلیسی

I - myself خودم
you - yourself  خودت
he - himself   خودش - مذکر
she - herself  خودش - مؤنث
it - itself خودش - غیر انسان
we - ourselves  خودمان
you - yourselves   خودتان
they - themselves  خودشان
 

در اینجا لیست افعالی آمده که ضمیرهای انعکاسی را می توان با آنها به کار برد.

to enjoy oneself
to hurt oneself
to kill oneself
to market oneself
to convince oneself
to deny oneself
to encourage oneself
to pay oneself
 

ضمیرهای انعکاسی در سه مورد در زبان انگلیسی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند.

با افعال انعکاسی

Examples:

I enjoyed myself last summer.
He's trying to market himself as a consultant.
Sharon pays herself $5,000 a month.
We encourage ourselves to learn something new every week.
 

به عنوان مفعول حرف اضافه ای که به فاعل اشاره دارد

Examples:

Tom bought a motorcycle for himself.
They purchased a round trip ticket to New York for themselves.
We made everything in this room by ourselves.
Jackie took a weekend holiday to be by herself.
 

برای تأکید بر یک موضوع

Examples:

No, I want to finish it myself! (I don't want anyone helping me.)
She insists on talking to the doctor herself. (She didn't want anyone else talking to the doctor.)
Frank tends to eat everything himself. (He doesn't let the other dogs get any food.)

قوانین پایه ای نقطه گذاری در زبان انگلیسی

در این راهنما به بررسی قوانین علامت گذاری در زبان انگلیسی از جمله نقطه گذاری، ویرگول، نقطه ویرگول، علامت سؤال و علامت تعجب اشاره شده است. در مورد هر یک از این علامت ها یک توضیح مختصر به همراه چند مثال مطرح شده است.

 نقطه:  Period

در پایان جمله های خبری کامل از نقطه استفاده کنید. یک جمله کامل شامل یک نهاد (Subject) و یک گزاره (Predicate) است. در زبان انگلیسی بریتانیایی به نقطه Full Stop گفته می شود.

مثال

He went to Detroit last week.
They are going to visit.

ویرگول Comma

در زبان انگلیسی از ویرگول برای چند منظور استفاده می شود.

 جدا کردن لیستی از موارد مختلف، این یکی از پرکاربردترین موارد استفاده ویرگول است. در زمانی که چندین مورد از یکدیگر جدا می شوند، بین مورد یکی مانده به آخر و مورد آخر کلمه and قرار داده می شود.

مثال

I like reading, listening to music, taking long walks, and visiting with my friends.
They would like books, magazines, DVDs, video cassettes, and other learning materials for their library.

جدا کردن عبارت ها و جمله واره هااز یکدیگر. پس از یک جمله واره وابسته در ابتدای یک جمله یا یک عبارت حرف اضافه این مسئله صحت دارد.

مثال

In order to qualify for your certificate, you will need to take the TOEFL exam.
Although he wanted to come, he wasn't able to attend the course.

برای جدا کردن جمله واره های مستقلی که با استفاده از یک حرف تعریف مانند but به یکدیگر متصل شده باشند.

مثال

They wanted to purchase a new car, but their financial situation would not allow it.
I'd really enjoy seeing a film this evening, and I'd like to go out for a drink.

برای بیان یک نقل قول مستقیم (در برابر یک نقل قول غیر مستقیم)

مثال

The boy said, "My father is often away during the week on business trips."
His doctor replied, "If you don't stop smoking, you run the risk of a heart attack."

برای جدا کردن حروف و کلمات بدل (اسم یا عبارت اسمی) یا یک جمله واره موصولی غیر تعریف کننده

مثال

Bill Gates, the richest man in the world, comes from Seattle.
My only sister, who is a fantastic tennis player, is in great shape.

علامت سؤال Question Mark

از علامت سؤال در پایان جملات پرسشی استفاده می شود.

مثال

Where do you live?
How long have they been studying?

علامت تعجب Exclamation Mark

از علامت تعجب در پایان جمله هایی که تعجب گوینده را بازگو می کنند استفاده می شود. همچنین از آن برای تأکید در موردی خاص استفاده می شود. از استفاده بیش از حد علامت تعجب خودداری کنید.

مثال

That ride was fantastic!
I can't believe he is going to marry her!

نقطه ویرگول Semicolon

برای نقطه ویرگول دو کاربرد ذکر شده است:

جدا کردن دو جمله واره مستقل که یکی یا هر دو آنها کوتاه هستند و ایده های بیان شده در آنها معمولاً یکسان است.

مثال:

He loves studying; He can't get enough of school.
What an incredible situation; it must make you nervous.

برای جدا کردن گروهی از کلمات که خود توسط ویرگول از یکدیگر جدا شده اند.

مثال:

I took a holiday and played golf, which I love; read a lot, which I needed to do; and slept late, which I hadn't done for quite a while.
They plan to study German, for their travels; chemistry, for their work; and literature, for their own enjoyment.

دو نقطه Colon

از دو نقطه برای دو منظور استفاده می شود:

برای بیان جزئیات و توضیح بیشتر

مثال ها

He had many reasons for joining the club: to get in shape, to make new friends, to lose some weight, and to get out of the house.
She gave notice for the following reasons: bad pay, horrible hours, poor relations with colleagues, and her boss.

برای بیان یک نقل قول مستقیم (در چنین مواردی می توان از ویرگول نیز استفاده کرد)

مثال ها

He announced to his friends: "I'm getting married!"
She cried out: "I never want to see you again!"